| Phase formation, electric and magnetic properties of multiferroic 0.7Ba0.9Ca0.1TiO3-0.3Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 composites ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique |
Nutkamon Sonchaopri1, Widchaya Somsri1, Suphornphun Chootin1,2, Naratip Vittayakorn3, Supree Pinitsoontorn4, Aurawan Rittidech5, Pongsakorn Jantaratana6, Theerachai Bongkarn1,2
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1Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
2Research Center for Academic Excellence in Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
3Advanced Material Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
4Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
5Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
6Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand |
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Received: March 4, 2024; Revised: September 3, 2024 Accepted: November 11, 2024. Published online: December 10, 2024. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Multiferroic composite materials have both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties. In addition, the electrical and magnetic properties of these ceramics are primarily affected by the preparation temperature. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of the sintering temperature on the phase structure, microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties of multiferroic 0.7Ba0.9Ca0.1TiO3-0.3Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 (BCT-NZF) composite ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique. The samples were sintered in a range of 1250–1350 ºC for 2 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all ceramics exhibited coexisting phases, with tetragonal perovskite, orthorhombic perovskite and cubic spinel phases, suggesting a complex crystalline structure. The average grain size of the ferroelectric and ferrite grains increased from 0.59 to 1.41 μm and 0.67 to 3.13 μm, respectively, moreover, ε and tanδ at 1 MHz tended to increase from 257.4 to 572.3 and 0.05 to 0.24, respectively, with increased sintering temperature. Density and saturated magnetization (Ms) increased from 5.36 to 5.45 g/cm3 and 19.36 to 20.38 emu/g, respectively, while remanent magnetization (Mr) and coercivity (Hdc) decreased from 0.38 to 0.33 emu/g and 25.03 to 20.17 Oe, respectively, when the sintering temperature was increased from 1250 to 1300 °C. Above 1300 °C, the density and Ms decreased, while Mr and Hdc increased. With the optimum sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the multiferroic BCT-NZF composite ceramics exhibited the highest density (5.45 g/cm3), low leakage P-E loop, good magnetic properties (Ms = 20.38 emu/g) and high magnetoelectric coupling (αME = 4.03 mV/cm•Oe), indicating this ceramic was suitable for application in magnetoelectric devices. |
| Key words:
BCT-NZF · Multiferroic · Solid-state combustion · Ferroelectric · Ferromagnetic |
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