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J. Korean Ceram. Soc. > Volume 61(3); 2024 > Article
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 2024;61(3): 391-401.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-023-00353-x
Systematic determination of the optimized Zr content of Ba(ZrxTi1-x) O3 with high dielectric constant at room temperature for high-voltage system application
Jandi Kim1,2, Ji Hye Seo1, Sang Heun Lee1,2, Myunghee Cho1,4, Hun Kwak1, Ran Sae Cheon1,2, Seungchan Cho3, Sung Beom Cho5,6, Minhee Kim7, Yoon-Seok Lee8, Yangdo Kim2, Moonhee Choi1
1Electronic Convergence Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology, 101, Soho-Ro, Jinju 52851, South Korea
2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
3Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, South Korea
4School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, South Korea
5Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
6Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
7R&D Center, Samhwa Capacitor, 227, Gyeonggidong-Ro, Yongin 17118, South Korea
8Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, South Korea
Correspondence  Yoon-Seok Lee ,Email: yoonseok@pknu.ac.kr
Yangdo Kim ,Email: yangdo@pusan.ac.kr
Moonhee Choi ,Email: moonhee77.choi@kicet.re.kr
Received: July 24, 2023; Revised: October 5, 2023   Accepted: October 29, 2023.  Published online: January 19, 2024.
ABSTRACT
In this study, by replacing the B-site element in BaTiO3, a ferroelectric material, with an element with a larger ionic radius, a ferroelectric material with high permittivity at room temperature was synthesized. The powders were prepared by solidstate reaction to perform lattice substitution with Zr4+ (0.72 Å), which has a larger ionic radius than Ti4+ (0.605 Å). To perform effective solid-state reaction and better understand the correlation between variables, this study introduced a design of experiment (DOE) based on the orthogonal array (OA) method included in the PIAno software. By substituting 0.222 mol of Zr, which has a large ionic radius, the crystal structure was deformed through an effective diffuse phase transition (DPT), and this resulted in the largest improvement in permittivity at room temperature. In addition, the powder, which underwent solid-state reaction at 1300 °C, formed the densest structure during sintering, which established the conditions for realizing the best dielectric properties. These results can be utilized as a key material for improving the properties of passive devices used in high-voltage industrial systems in societies undergoing the fourth industrial revolution.
Key words: Dielectric  · MLCC  · Barium zirconate titanate  · Solid-state reaction
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