One-step solid-state synthesis of Mx-ZnBi2O4–Bi2O3 (Mx= Fe, Co, Ni, Eu, and Ho) nanocomposites and catalytic production of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones

Mirzazadeh, Amene; Hakimyfard, Alireza; Tahmasebi, Nemat; Kafi -Ahmadi, Leila; Khademinia, Shahin; Mirzazadeh, Amene; Hakimyfard, Alireza; Tahmasebi, Nemat; Kafi -Ahmadi, Leila; Khademinia, Shahin

doi:2023.60.5.856

J. Korean Ceram. Soc. > Volume 60(5); 2023 > Article

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 2023;60(5): 856-867.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-023-00309-1

One-step solid-state synthesis of M_x-ZnBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₃ (M_x= Fe, Co, Ni, Eu, and Ho) nanocomposites and catalytic production of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones

Amene Mirzazadeh¹, Alireza Hakimyfard¹, Nemat Tahmasebi¹, Leila Kafi -Ahmadi², Shahin Khademinia³

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Science , Jundi-Shapur University of Technology , Dezful , Iran
²Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Urmia University , Urmia , Iran
³Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Semnan University , Semnan , Iran

Correspondence

Nemat Tahmasebi ,Email: tahmasebi@jsu.ac.ir

Received: January 18, 2023; Revised: April 15, 2023 Accepted: May 16, 2023. Published online: June 7, 2023.

ABSTRACT

This paper presented the synthesis of M_x-ZnBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₃ (M_x= Fe, Co, Ni, Eu, and Ho) nanomaterials by a one-pot facile solid-state method at 650 ˚C for 10 h. Rietveld analysis data displayed the formation of ZnBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₃ composite in which ZnBi₂O₄ was crystallized as a main phase in orthorhombic crystal system with Pmmm space group. The investigation of optical properties indicated that doping the metal ions into the ZnBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₃ nanocomposite decreased the band-gap energy amount. Results indicated that the synthesized samples displayed paramagnetic behavior without any preferred magnetization direction. However, the data indicated that Co³⁺-doped ZnBi₂O₄ showed highest magnetization value. In addition, cyclic voltammetry (CV) data and low EIS values revealed a pseudocapacitor behavior of the synthesized samples. Biginelli reaction to synthesize heterocyclic DHPMs compounds was applied to evaluate the catalytic performance of the samples. Results indicated that the synthesis yields of DHPMs at optimum condition were 92% and 96% for undoped and Eu-doped ZnBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₃, respectively.

Key words: ZnBi₂O₄· Solid state · Nanocomposite · Electrochemical property · Biginelli