| Preparation of lithium‑doped NaV6O15 thin film cathodes with high cycling performance in SIBs |
Hai Yan Xu1,2, Jun Hai Ruan1, Fang Lin Liu1, Dong Cai Li1, Feng Jun Zhang1, Ai Guo Wang1, Dao Sheng Sun1, Won‑Chun Oh3
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1Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Building Materials, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, People’s Republic of China
2Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
3Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan 31962, South Korea |
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Received: April 2, 2021; Revised: May 20, 2021 Accepted: May 27, 2021. Published online: May 31, 2022. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Lithium ions-doped NaV6O15 thin films have been prepared using a simple low temperature liquid phase deposition method and subsequent annealing process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used to study the structural and physicochemical characteristics of the NaV6O15film. The films were grown on the FTO conductive glass and used directly as an electrode of sodium ion batteries. The prepared lithium ions-doped NaV6O15 thin film electrodes showed an excellent cycling stability and discharge capacity, which may be attributed to the stability of the Li+ embedded into the gap between the V–O layers to maintain the structure and its stable β-phase structure transformed after the first cycle. The cycling stability greatly improved with increasing annealing temperature, while the discharge capacity decreased. The capacities of the film electrodes annealed at 400 °C and 450 °C maintained above 97% after 100 cycles. The lithium-doped NaV6O15 underwent a phase transition during the first charge/discharge cycle. The new transformed phase has perfect crystal structure stability undergoing insertion and deinsertion of Na+. Therefore, the lithium-doped NaV6O15 thin film possesses good cycling stability and is expected to be a promising thin film cathode for sodium-ion batteries. |
| Key words:
Lithium-doped NaV6O15 · Liquid phase deposition · Film electrodes · Cycling stability · Phase transition |
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