| Template‑mediated liquid quenching to expand the dimensions of bright green upconverters |
Byeong‑Seok Moon1, Dong‑Hwan Kim1,2
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1School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
2Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea |
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Received: November 8, 2019; Revised: November 21, 2019 Accepted: November 22, 2019. Published online: January 31, 2020. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Multiphoton upconverters generate visible or UV wavelengths from near-infrared excitation. Liquid-quenched upconverters provide excellent upconversion efficiency and pure upconversion emission spectra. However, the morphology of liquidquenched upconverters has been limited to spherical shapes due to surface tension during melting. Here, we demonstrate that the morphology of liquid-quenched upconverters can be mediated by silicon templates. Microcube and microrod templates with various sizes were successfully filled with upconversion nanoparticles. Under a highly focused laser beam, liquid quenching was realized in the microcube and microrod templates only with width 2.0 μm because a sufficient volume of upconversion nanoparticles is required to overcome heat dissipation into the silicon walls. The high aspect ratio (1:10) of the microrod templates enables template-mediated liquid quenching as far as 20 μm along the length direction. Our study expands the dimensions of bright green upconverters for potential applications that include all-photonic integrated circuits. |
| Key words:
Upconversion · Liquid quenching · Silicon template · Focused ion beam · Squeegee method |
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